{{Infobox person |honorific_prefix = Sir |name = George Iacobescu |honorific_suffix = CBE |occupation = Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Canary Wharf Group PLC

History

Canary Wharf is located on the West India Docks on the Isle of Dogs. From 1802, the area was one of the busiest docks in the world. By the 1950s, the port industry began to decline, leading to the docks closing by 1980.[http://www.portcities.org.uk/london/server/show/ConFactFile.83/West-India-Docks.html ''West India Docks (1803-1980) ''] (Port Cities) accessed 22 July 2008 Of the three main docks of the West India Docks, the Canary Wharf estate occupies part of the north side and the entire south side of the Import Dock (North Dock), both sides of the Export Dock (Middle Dock) and the north side of the South Dock.

Canary Wharf itself takes its name from No. 32 berth of the West Wood Quay of the Import Dock. This was built in 1936 for Fruit Lines Ltd, a subsidiary of Fred Olsen for the Mediterranean and Canary Islands fruit trade. At their request, the quay and warehouse were given the name Canary Wharf.[http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=46497 ''The West India Docks: The buildings: warehouses'', Survey of London: volumes 43 and 44: Poplar, Blackwall and Isle of Dogs (1994), pp. 284-300]. Retrieved 22 July 2008


The Canary Wharf of today began when Michael von Clemm, former chairman of Credit Suisse First Boston (CSFB), came up with the idea to convert Canary Wharf into a back office. Further discussions with G Ware Travelstead led to proposals for a new business district. The project was sold to Olympia & York and construction began in 1988, master-planned by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill and subsequently by Koetter Kim. The first buildings were completed in 1991 which included One Canada Square that became the UK's tallest building and a symbol of the regeneration of Docklands. Upon opening, the London commercial property market had collapsed and Olympia and York Canary Wharf Limited filed for bankruptcy in May 1992.

Local opposition

The idea of a new financial services district was not popular with local residents as the expectation was that the development would provide no local jobs or transport improvements.
However, over the course of the development relations with the local community have improved and more than 7,000 local (Tower Hamlets) residents work at Canary Wharf.

In 1997, some residents living on the Isle of Dogs launched a lawsuit against Canary Wharf Ltd for private nuisance because the tower caused interference with television signals. The residents lost the case.The court found against the appellants (Hunter and others) as private nuisance legislation generally concerns 'emanations' from land, not interference with such emanations. [http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.com/pa/ld199697/ldjudgmt/jd970424/hunter01.htm "Hunter and Others v. Canary Wharf Ltd./Hunter and Others v. London Docklands Corporation"] House of Lords Session 1996-97. Retrieved on 2009-03-23.

Rescue and recovery

In December 1995 an international consortium, backed by the former owners of Olympia & York and other investors, bought the scheme. The new company was called Canary Wharf Limited, and later became Canary Wharf Group.

Recovery in the property market generally, coupled with continuing demand for high floor-plate grade A office accommodation, slowly improved the level of interest in the estate. A critical event in the recovery of Canary Wharf was the much-delayed start of work on the Jubilee Line, which the government wanted ready for the Millennium celebrations.

In March 2004 Canary Wharf Group plc. was taken over by a consortium of investors backed by its largest shareholder Glick Family Investments[http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/glick-family-in-late-move-over-canary-wharf-battle-537306.html Glick family in late move over Canary Wharf battle] and led by Morgan Stanley using a vehicle named Songbird Estates plc. At the peak of property prices in 2007, the HSBC building sold for a record £1.1 billion. {{Infobox person |honorific_prefix = Sir |name = George Iacobescu |honorific_suffix = CBE |occupation = Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Canary Wharf Group PLC

Current and planned buildings

Completed buildings over 60 metres

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!rowspan=2 | Ranking by height || rowspan=2 | Image || rowspan=2 | Name || colspan=2 | Height || rowspan=2 | Floors || rowspan=2 | Completion date || rowspan=2 | Commentary
|-
! Metres || Feet
|-
| 1 || || One Canada Square || 235 || 771 || 50 || 1991 || The List of tallest buildings in Europe and currently the List of tallest buildings in the United Kingdom. Designed by Cesar Pelli, it was the tallest building in Europe upon completion in 1991. Multi-tenanted; occupiers include The Bank of New York Mellon, the CFA Institute, Clearstream, EEX (European Energy Exchange), Euler Hermes, the International Sugar Organization, Mahindra Satyam, MetLife, Moody's Analytics and Trinity Mirror.
|-
| 2= || || 8 Canada Square || 200 || 655 || 42 || 2002 || The joint 26th-tallest building in Europe and third-tallest completed building in the United Kingdom. Occupied by HSBC as its world headquarters.
|-
| 2= || || 25 Canada Square || 200 || 655 || 42 || 2001 || The joint 26th-tallest building in Europe and third-tallest completed building in the United Kingdom. 25 Canada Square and 33 Canada Square together form a single complex known as the Citigroup Centre, London. Primarily occupied by Citigroup as its Europe, the Middle East and Africa headquarters. Other tenants include 3i Infotech Limited, Lehman Brothers (in Administration), Crossrail, Instinet, Munich Re, MWB Group Holdings, SunGard and Wells Fargo.
|-
| 4 || || One Churchill Place || 156 || 513 || 32 || 2005 || Occupied by Barclays as its world headquarters. Currently the eighth-tallest building in the United Kingdom, it was originally planned to be 50 stories in height, but was scaled down to 31 after the September 11 attacks.
|-
| 5= || || 40 Bank Street || 153 || 502 || 33 || 2003 || Multi-tenanted; occupiers include Allen & Overy, ANZ Bank, China Construction Bank, Duff & Phelps, Saxo Bank and Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom.
|-
| 5= || || 25 Bank Street || 153 || 502 || 33 || 2003 || Occupied by JP Morgan Chase as its European headquarters since 2012.[http://www.canarywharf.com/aboutus/The-Estate/Estate-Map/ Canary Wharf Group plc - Estate Map]. Canarywharf.com (2010-05-13). Retrieved on 2013-07-12.
|-
| 7 || || 10 Upper Bank Street || 151 || 495 || 32 || 2003 || Occupied by Clifford Chance as its world headquarters. Other occupiers include FTSE Group, Infosys, MasterCard and Total S.A..
|-
| 8 || || Pan Peninsula || 147 || 484 || 48 || 2008 || Residential, twin-tower development containing 762 apartments. The East tower is 44 stories and the West Tower is 34 stories. The footprint of the building consists of a joint single lobby on the ground floor that connects the towers.
|-
| 9 || || 22 Marsh Wall || 140 || 458 || 44 || 2010 || Residential, twin-tower development containing 276 apartments. The taller tower is 140 m tall and comprises 44 stories, making it one of the tallest residential buildings in Europe. The second tower is 98 m (322 ft) tall and comprises 30 stories. The towers are located on the south-western edge of the Canary Wharf estate.
|-
| 10 || || 1 West India Quay || 108 || 354 || 36 || 2004 || Floors 1-12 are occupied by a Marriott Hotels & Resorts. Floors 13-33 house 158 apartments.
|-
| 11 || || 33 Canada Square || 105 || 344 || 18 || 1999 || 33 Canada Square and 25 Canada Square together form a single complex, see above for details.
|-
| 12 || || 1 Cabot Square || 89 || 292 || 21 || 1991 || Occupied by Credit Suisse.
|-
| 13 || || 5 Canada Square || 88 || 288 || 16 || 2003 || Occupied by Bank of America Merrill Lynch.
|-
| 14 || || 25 Cabot Square || 81 || 265 || 17 || 1991 || Occupied by Morgan Stanley. Morgan Stanley also occupies the nearby 20 Bank Street as its European headquarters. The architect was Skidmore, Owings & Merrill.
|-
| 15 || || 25 North Colonnade || 80 || 262 || 15 || 1991 || Occupied by the Financial Conduct Authority as its headquarters. The architect was John McAslan and Partners.
|-
| 16 || || 20 Bank Street (London) || 68 || 223 || 14 || 2003 || Occupied by Morgan Stanley as its European headquarters. Morgan Stanley also occupies the nearby 25 Cabot Square. It was designed by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill.
|}

Buildings in development

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! rowspan=2 | Name || colspan=2 | Height || rowspan=2 | Floors || rowspan=2 | Expected Completion Date || rowspan=2 | Status || rowspan=2 | Notes
|-
! metres || feet
|-
| Riverside South (Canary Wharf)|| 236 || 774 || 45 || ? || On Hold || Due to become Canary Wharf's tallest building upon completion.
|-
| Riverside South (Canary Wharf)|| 189 || 610 || 38 || ? || On Hold ||
|-
| 25 Churchill Place|| 130 || 426 || 23 || 2014 || Under Construction ||
|-
| Baltimore Tower|| 151 || 492 || 45 || 2016 || Under Construction || Due to be Canary Wharf's highest residential tower.http://www.primeresi.com/galliard-launches-45-storey-resi-tower-in-canary-wharf/23253/ ||
|}

Approved buildings

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! rowspan=2 | Name || colspan=2 | Height || rowspan=2 | Floors || rowspan=2 | Probable Completion Date || rowspan=2 | Status || rowspan=2 | Notes
|-
! metres || feet
|-
| Columbus Tower (London) || 237 || 778 || 63 || ? || Planning permission granted || Due to become Canary Wharf's tallest building upon completion. Construction is delayed due to the Canary Wharf railway station construction.
|-
| The Pride (London) || 233 || 764 || 76 || 2012 || Planning permission granted ||
|-
| North Quay, London|| 221 || 727 || 44 || 2017 || Planning permission granted ||
|-
| Heron Quays West|| 214 || 702 || 40 || 2017 || Planning permission granted ||
|-
| Wood Wharf W07B || 206 || 676 || 51 || 2019 || Planning permission granted ||
|-
| North Quay, London|| 209 || 667 || 38 || 2017 || Planning permission granted ||
|-
| Wood Wharf W06 || 187 || 618 || 45 || 2019 || Planning permission granted ||
|-
| Wood Wharf W02 || 182 || 598 || 40+ || 2019 || Planning permission granted ||
|-
| Wood Wharf W07A || 128 || 418 || 30+ || 2019 || Planning permission granted ||
|-
| North Quay, London|| 120 || 393 || 18 || 2017 || Planning permission granted ||
|} {{Infobox person |honorific_prefix = Sir |name = George Iacobescu |honorific_suffix = CBE |occupation = Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Canary Wharf Group PLC

Transport links

The Canary Wharf developers played a pro-active role in improving transport links, which they recognised as essential to the success of the project. Beginning in 1985, they proposed extension of the Docklands Light Railway to Bank, and upgrading of frequencies and capacity. In 1988, they proposed construction of a second rail line to Docklands, which ultimately became the Jubilee Line Extension. After the Jubilee Extension opened in 1999, Canary Wharf began to actively promote Crossrail.

Aviation

London City Airport is linked to both Canary Wharf and the City of London via the Canary Wharf DLR station, and an interchange to the London Underground. London City Airport Canary Wharf DLR station is situated immediately adjacent to the terminal building, with enclosed access to and from the elevated platforms.

Buses
Canary Wharf is served by several bus routes, including the 135 which begins at Old Street Station and terminates at Crossharbour, the London Buses route 277 route that begins at Highbury & Islington and ends at Leamouth, and the London Buses route N550 night bus route that travels from Canning Town and ends at Trafalgar Square. Canary Wharf is also served by local buses that goes mostly around the London Docklands area, that include routes D3, D6, D7 and D8. There's also the Docklands Buses, of which includes 6 more bus routes in the London Docklands.

Docklands Light Railway
]]


=Canary Wharf Station=
Canary Wharf Station had been part of the original Docklands Light Railway plans, but when the DLR opened in August 1987 the station was not ready. It was originally planned that the station would be similar to the original station at Heron Quays, with two small platforms either side of the tracks. The station is located on the DLR between Heron Quays station and the West India Quay station, in Travelcard Zone 2, which are in fact the three closest train stations on the same line in the world.

=Heron Quays Station=
One of the first stations to be built in the Canary Wharf estate. The station first opened up in 1987.
The station has two platforms in use, is in Travelcard Zone 2, and is on the Lewisham branch of the Docklands Light Railway, between Canary Wharf and South Quay.
The station was moved 200 metres south (to fit inside the new buildings) and a longer platform was built at this new site to accommodate three-unit trains planned as part of the DLR Capacity Enhancement; the station re-opened on 18 December 2002.

London Underground



The Canary Wharf tube station is a two platform station designed by Norman Foster and opened in 1999 as part of the Jubilee Line Extension from Charing Cross to Stratford. Canary Wharf station has increasingly become one of the busiest stations on the network, serving the ever-expanding Canary Wharf business district.

The station was used as a location for some scenes of Danny Boyle's 2002 film ''28 Days Later'' and its sequel ''28 Weeks Later'' which was mostly based in Canary Wharf.

National Rail

Canary Wharf railway station began construction in May 2009 and will be completed in 2017 as part of the £17 billion Crossrail project. The station will have two platforms and will be in the Travelcard Zone 2.

River services

The Canary Wharf Pier is a London River Services pier on the River Thames located to the west of Canary Wharf, close to Narrow Street, Limehouse. {{Infobox person |honorific_prefix = Sir |name = George Iacobescu |honorific_suffix = CBE |occupation = Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Canary Wharf Group PLC

See also

* Canary Wharf – Rotherhithe Ferry
* Spinningfields {{Infobox person |honorific_prefix = Sir |name = George Iacobescu |honorific_suffix = CBE |occupation = Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Canary Wharf Group PLC

References

{{Infobox person |honorific_prefix = Sir |name = George Iacobescu |honorific_suffix = CBE |occupation = Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Canary Wharf Group PLC

Further reading

* {{Infobox person |honorific_prefix = Sir |name = George Iacobescu |honorific_suffix = CBE |occupation = Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Canary Wharf Group PLC

External links

* [http://www.canarywharf.com/visitus/ Canary Wharf - what's on]
* [http://www.canarywharf.com Canary Wharf Group plc]
* [http://www.skyscrapernews.com/bdbsearch.php?adv=advs&ad=canary+wharf&co=&cou=®ions=All&countries=All&stat=All&type=All&cd=&hstatus=All&rh=&sh=&bh=&fl=&lc=&cc=&lsv=&arc=&dev=&ocon=&Submit2=Reset Canary Wharf projects on Skyscrapernews]






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Category:Canary Wharf
Category:Areas of London
Category:Financial districts
Category:Redevelopment projects in London
Category:Buildings and structures in Tower Hamlets
Category:Visitor attractions in London
Category:Companies formerly listed on the London Stock Exchange
Category:Economy of London
Category:Redeveloped ports and waterfronts in the United Kingdom
Category:Geography of Tower Hamlets
Category:Major centres of London
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Category:Central business districts in the United Kingdom